What is Hepatitis A?
“Hepatitis” means inflammation of the liver, and severe
liver disease can be caused by exposure to the Hepatitis A Virus (HAV).
Although HAV is contained in feces, the disease can be contracted by the
consumption of even microscopic amounts of fecal waste. The illness is commonly
acquired through personal contact with an infected person, and through
contaminated food or water.
Who needs the vaccination?
Hepatitis A has been on the decline in the United States,
due to the recommended vaccination of all
children at one year of age. However, the virus remains a common problem in
countries with poorly controlled sanitation. Regardless of the caution you may
exercise with food and accommodations on your upcoming trip, it remains
extremely important for travelers to receive the Hepatitis A vaccination before
entering areas where the virus is common. These regions include Africa, Asia
with the exception of Japan, the Mediterranean, Eastern Europe, the Middle
East, Central and South America, Mexico, and parts of the Caribbean. While
Hepatitis A is a pressing concern for travelers, other lifestyle choices may
also expose you to HAV, so please consult a complete list of risk factors and
talk to your healthcare provider if you are concerned.
When and how can I be vaccinated?
The Hepatitis A vaccination is administered in two doses,
given as shots. Your protection from the disease begins about 2-4 weeks after
receiving the initial dosage, so be sure to visit your preferred travel clinic to get the first shot
at least one month before traveling. The second booster shot should be taken
6-12 months after the primary vaccination. Once administered, the Hep A vaccine
lasts about 15 years, so you can be assured of protection on this summer’s
vacation and beyond!
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